9. Increment and Decrement Operators

Shortcuts to add or subtract 1:

    ++i; // add one to i 
    --j; // subtract one from j 

Related topics:

• (++) and (--) are unary operators

• side effects

• always used with modifiable values

int main()
{
    int i = 0;
    int k = (i + 1); // No side effects
    int k = ++i; // Side effect: i incremented
    return 0;
}