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HPFS - High Performance File System - built for speeed!
Designed as a joint venture between Microsoft and IBM and included many marked improvements over FAT.
Improvements included
long filename support,
512-byte allocation units (which almost completely did away with file slack),
The 386 version had nothing to do with CPU architecture, but rather used the name as the latest marketing buzzword meaning 'faster'.
It had a larger file I/O cache and some other minor improvements that resulted in a marked performance boost for the server version of OS/2.
But, it was released about the same time IBM and MS split and IBM had to pay royalties to MS anytime it sold HPFS386 so it was not widely used.
Windows support for this FS dropped with Windows 2000.
See also
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Performance_File_System
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